A fortnight ago, the councillors for Aberdulais, Cadoxton and Tonna were invited to observe a COMAH emergency planning exercise. The scenario was a collision and fire at the Calor Gas plant in Aberdulais. The disruption to the public and the cost clearly ruled out a full-scale reconstruction (though a video of the original incident staged at the plant was shown to the participants), so the exercise was restricted to the “table-top”. However, all the authorities who would be involved in such a major civil emergency were represented, in most cases, so far as I could see, by the actual people concerned.
The main thing I took away from the exercise was reassurance, on two counts: firstly, that even the tip of Cadoxton Ward which came within the danger area* was unlikely to be affected; secondly, that the front-line services (fire, police, ambulance primarily) were well equipped and well drilled to deal with the immediate emergency.
If there were to be a spillage of gas, it would flow - as it expanded from its liquefied state - along the ground, being heavier than air. The gas would almost certainly sink into the Neath Canal and flow with it, raising the alarming prospect of fire taking hold in the woods and undergrowth along the canal, threatening the houses in Tonna above it. This is a worst case, and the fire service, along with Calor’s own emergency staff, were clearly confident they could prevent it, though possibly at the cost of pollution of the canal and river from the chemicals used.(Even here, there are now tight regulations on what chemicals can be used in such situations, and there is more danger to wildlife resulting from diesel spillage.)
Less clear-cut were issues resulting from relations with the public. In the unlikely event that evacuation was felt to be necessary, the police have no powers to force people to leave their homes. Some might not even find it easy to do so. (The police can legally prevent entry to the emergency zone.) It could also be difficult to inform local citizens what is going on. Apparently, the percentage of the population listening to local radio has dropped considerably in recent years (presumably as .mp3 players have caught on). The siren at the plant can give no more information than that an emergency has occurred. It may be that the old-fashioned (and person-intensive) knock at the door may have to be brought back.
Doreen Jones, ward councillor for Aberdulais, pointed out another serious hole in the existing emergency plan: informing elected representatives. There was no provision for letting the ward councillor(s) know what was happening. This has now been rectified in that the Joint Resilience Unit (which coordinates emergency action in Swansea & Neath Port Talbot) will inform the corporate communications and marketing manager, who will in turn pass on the news to cabinet and ward members. All councillors have now been provided with an emergency incident prompt card, as well.
*The Public Information Zone, the area around a COMAH establishment to which information (in writing) must be made available, is set at 400m in the case of LPG. However, the danger area may actually be smaller than this. The limit is based on practical experience of an actual fire, but on a vessel on water, not a land-based incident.